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Sodium chloride
Functional :Tablet and capsule diluent; tonicity agent.
Applicationsin Pharmaceutical Formulation or Technology
Sodium chloride is widely used in a variety of parenteral and nonparenteral pharmaceutical formulations, where the primary use
is to produce isotonic solutions. Sodium chloride has been used as a lubricant and diluent in capsules and direct-compression tablet formulations in the past,although this practice is no longer common. Sodium chloride hasalso been used as a channeling agent and as an osmotic agent
in the coresof controlled-release tablets. It has been used as a porosity modifier in tablet coatings, and to control drug release from microcapsules.
The additionof sodium chloride to aqueous spray-coating solutions containing hydroxypropyl cellulose or hypromellosesuppresses the agglomeration of crystalline cellulose particles.
Sodium chloride can also be used to modify drug release from gels and from emulsions. It can be used to control micelle size, and to adjust the viscosity of polymer dispersions by altering the ionic character of a formulation.